After reading this article, be sure to check out our in-depth reviews of:

• #45678 Spike Prime
  Education-focused precursor to the latest Mindstorms set.
• #45345 Spike Essential
  Highly flawed ‘modern’ programmable product for younger kids.

Both of these reviews allow you to see how Powered Up accessories work when building your own creations.

What is LEGO Powered Up?

#51515 LEGO MINDSTORMS Robot Inventor

In recent years, they have also introduced simpler Bluetooth-connected products as part of their LEGO ‘Technic’ and ‘System’ product lines, which allow you to control motors and lights using a Phone or Tablet.

You can also use Powered Up Motors using the Bluetooth Speed Remote instead of a Phone or Tablet. More recently, they introduced the Technic Battery Box, which allows you to control two motors without a Bluetooth device at all.

LEGO Brick Labels (for Powered Up)

LEGO Brick Labels is a collection of around 1500 Labels for the most common LEGO parts. It includes labels for most LEGO Technic pieces, but I’ve avoided electronic components until now…

The latest version includes labels for these Powered Up components.

To celebrate the transition to the new Powered Up system, I’ve added labels for these Powered Up components to LEGO Brick Labels v36 or newer.

• Learn more & download at: brickarchitect.com/labels

Powered Up Components

Now that The LEGO Group has completed their transition to the Powered Up system, we have a robust selection of hubs, motors, and accessories:

• Hubs – Powered-up Hubs provide power to motors and accessories. Most allow you to run a program provided by the LEGO group for a specific set, or to write your own custom apps.
• Motors – Powered-up Motors add motion to your creations. They come in a range of sizes and features, and some are optimized for building System models (studded connections) while others are optimized for building Technic models.
• Sensors – Powered-up Sensors allow your program to respond to the environment. Some of the high-end hubs have some sensors built in, and additional sensors can be attached via the Powered Up connection.
• Accessories – There are a few lights you can attach to your model, as well as a Bluetooth remote if you do not want to use your phone or PC.

Now, let’s look at all of these components in a lot more detail!

Powered Up Hubs

All of the motors and sensors in this guide require a Powered-Up hub to get things moving (and to write custom programs).

Powered Up hubs vary in some important ways:

• Physical Size – The smallest hub is 7×5×4 and the largest is 7×11×4.
• Number of ports – With more ports, you can connect more sensors and motors.
• Power Source – What type of battery does it use, and how many.
• Voltage – This depends on the number of batteries used, or the design of the rechargeable battery pack.
• Bluetooth (BT) – You can connect most of these hubs to your Phone, Tablet, or PC by installing the appropriate app on your device.
• USB – You can connect the hub to your PC using USB.
• Autonomous – Programs can be uploaded to the Hub, allowing it to take actions without being connected to another device.

All of these hubs (except the Battery Box) allow you to create a program which causes your machine to take actions, often in response to information received by one or more sensors.

Hubs:

Part Number	Name (Year)	Size	Conn.	# Ports	Power / Voltage	Bluetooth	USB	Autonomous	Additional Features
19071c01 / 19071	WeDo 2.0 Hub (2016) [RETIRED]	6×8×3	System	2-ports	2x AA (or Rechargeable) / 3V	Yes	No	No	n/a
bb0892c01 / 28738	(Small) Hub (2018)	4×8×4	System	2-ports	6x AAA / 9V	Yes	No	Yes[1]	n/a
bb1165c01 / 22167 / 85825	Technic Battery Box (2021)	9×9×5	Technic	2-ports	6x AA / 9V	No	No	No	n/a
bb0961c01 / 22127 / 85824	Technic (Medium) Hub (2017)	9×9×5	Technic	4-ports	6x AA / 9V	Yes	No	Yes[1]	Tilt sensor[2].
bb0894c01 / 26910	Move Hub (2017) [RETIRED]	6×16×4	System	2-ports	6x AAA / 9V	Yes	No	Yes[1]	Two motors[4], Tilt sensor[4].
67351 + 66757	Small Intelligent Hub (2021)	7×5×4	Technic	2-ports	630 mAH Li-ion Rechargeable / 7.3V	Yes	Micro USB	Yes	Gyro Sensor, Power Button, & Single LED.[5].
45601 + 45610	Large Intelligent Hub (2020)	7×11×4	Technic	6-ports	2100 mAH Li-ion Rechargeable / 7.3V	Yes	Micro USB	Yes	5×5 LED Display, Gyro Sensor, & Speaker[3].

1. This hub can only be programmed to run your app autonomously using custom firmware provided by the open-source Pybricks project.
2. Technic Hub Specifications, LEGO.com, Retrieved June 13, 2020.
3. Technic Large Hub Technical Specifications, LEGO.com, Retrieved June 13, 2020.
4. Powered Up Move Hub, LEGO.com, Retrieved June 13, 2020.
5. LEGO Technic Small Hub Technical Specifications, LEGO.com, Retrieved Nivember 6, 2021.

Raspberry Pi Build Hat

Powered Up Motors

There are eight standalone motors offered so far, plus the two motors that are “built in” to the Boost Hub. It would be reasonable to assume that the motors only differ by shape and power, but the truth is a bit more complicated. The table below highlights the technical capabilities of each motor.

Powered Up motors differ in several important ways:

• Physical Size – The smallest motor is 3×3×6 and the largest is 5×5×8.
• Motor Strength – Smaller motors have less power.
• Connections – The Boost, WeDo 2.0, and Train motors have traditional LEGO System ‘stud’ connections, whereas the other motors have LEGO Technic ‘pin’ connections.
• Motor Orientation – Some motors connect at the end, and others connect along the side.
• Speed Control – The “Simple” motors rotate more slowly as the batteries become depleted, whereas Speed Control motors try to adjust for the decrease in voltage.
• Rotation Sensor – Relative position is communicated back to the hub as the motor rotates.
• Absolute Position – The motor can rotate to a specific angle, and the current angle is communicated to the hub
• Zero Position Indicator – 0° direction is labeled on the motor.

Motors:

Part Number	Part Name (Year)	Size	Conn.	Orient.	Spd. Ctrl.	Rot. Sensor	Abs. Pos.	0° Ind.
21980	(WeDo 2.0) Simple Med. Motor (2016)	3×3×6	System	End	No	No	n/a	n/a
bb0893c01 / 26913	(Boost) Med. Motor (2017) [RETIRED]	4×3×6	System	End	Yes	Yes	No	n/a
bb0959c01 / 22169	Technic Lg. Motor (2019)	3×4×8	Technic	End	Yes	Yes	Yes	No
bb0960c01 / 22172	Technic XL. Motor (2019)	5×5×8	Technic	End	Yes	Yes	Yes	No
68488	Sm. Angular Motor (2021)	3×4×5	Technic	Side	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
54696	Med. Angular Motor (2020)	3×4×9	Technic	Side	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
54675	Lg. Angular Motor (2020)	5×4×9	Technic	Side	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
bb0896c01 / 28740	Simple Train Motor (2018)	4×2½×10	System	Sides	No	No	n/a	n/a

Powered Up Sensors & Accessories

You will need some sensors when designing and building programmable robots. The LEGO System-based sensors were introduced with WeDo 2.0 Core Set (2016 – now retired) and are also used in Boost (2017). The Technic sensors were introduced with the Spike Prime Set (2020).

Sensors:

	Part Number	Name (Year)	Size	Conn.
	20844	Motion Sensor (2016)	2×4	System
	20841	Tilt Sensor (2016) [RETIRED]	2×4	System
	bb0891c01 / 26912	Color amp; Distance Sensor (2017) [RETIRED]	2×4×2	System
	37308	Color Sensor (2020)	3×3×3	Technic
	37316	Distance Sensor (2020)	3×7×4	Technic
	37312	Force Sensor (2020)	3×3×5	Technic

In addition to sensors, you might want these accessories to complement your build.

Other Accessories:

	Part Number	Name (Year)	Size	Conn.	Additional Details
	47592	Powered Up 3×3 LED Matrix (2021)	3×3×3	Technic	3×3 Grid of Color LEDs, introduced in #45345 Spike Essential (2021).
	22168c01 / 22168	Powered Up Light (2018)	2x 2×1×2	System	Accessory designed for LEGO System Trains.
	bb0895c01 / 28739	Bluetooth Speed Remote (2018)	6×12×3	System + Technic	Standalone alternative to using your phone.

Note: Ideas to make this resource even better? Please e-mail me at tom@tomalphin.com or leaving a comment below!

Sets containing Powered Up components

The following is not meant to be an exhaustive catalog of sets containing one or more of these Powered Up parts. Instead, I’ve focused on the most common sets where you can purchase each of the hubs highlighted in this guide.

Shopping Guide:

Part Number	Name (Year)	Sets
19071c01 / 19071	WeDo 2.0 Hub (2016)	#45300 WeDo 2.0 Core Set (2016) was the only set to contain this part. (It was the first hub to use the new Powered Up connection.)
bb0892c01 / 28738	(Small) Hub (2018)	#76112 App-Controlled Batmobile (2018) introduced this part in a small $100 set (which is now retired). #21323 Grand Piano (2020), $350, is a popular current set containing this component.
bb1165c01 / 22167	Technic Battery Box (2021)	This set was introduced in the ill-fated #42113 Bell-Boeing V-22 Osprey (It was recalled but a few copies were sold in retail stores.) You will also find it in #42145 Airbus H175 Rescue Helicopter, $209. Read our review of the set. You can purchase this battery box as a standalone product — #88015 Battery Box is $35 at LEGO.com.
bb0961c01 / 22127	Technic (Medium) Hub (2017)	#42124 Off-Road Buggy (2021), $130, is the cheapest set. The massive #42100 Liebherr R 9800 (2019) includes two of these Hubs (but is retired).
bb0894c01 / 26910	Move Hub (2017)	The older #17101 BOOST Creative Toolbox (2017), $160, is still available. The newer Star Wars themed #75253 Droid Commander (2019) has already retired.
67351 + 66757	Small Intelligent Hub (2021)	The only way to get this hub is in #45345 Spike Essential (2021), $275, which is designed for classroom use. I expect a consumer-facing product based on this hub will replace Boost sometime soon, but read our review of #45345 Spike Essential to see why I think this is a bad idea for younger builders.
45601 + 45610	Large Intelligent Hub (2020)	#51515 LEGO MINDSTORMS Robot Inventor (2021), $360, is the consumer product containing the premium 6-port Intelligent Hub. #45678 LEGO Education SPIKE Prime (2020), $360, was introduced a year earlier and designed for classroom use. Be sure to read our review of #45678 Spike Prime to learn more.

Closing Thoughts

Having spent time with almost all of the Powered Up products listed on this page, I am happy to report that the system works pretty well.

Most importantly, The LEGO Group has converged on a single interface to use across all of their motorized and programmable products, so motors from a non-programmable product can finally be used with a programmable hub without an adapter.

That said, I wanted to call out a few key concerns with the system:

1. Higher cost – The LEGO Group seems to be pricing Powere Up parts and sets containing them a bit higher than the Power Functions components which they replace.
2. Increased risk of obsolescence – Many of these sets will only work fully as long as the apps which they connect to continue to work.
   The LEGO Group has committed to supporting the “Powered Up” for a long time (but it’s hard to believe that the app will still be available to download in 20 years).
3. Non-reversible connectors – A reversible connector would be a lot less frustrating.
   To take things further — why not use the industry standard USB-C connector both to connect the hub to your PC and to connect motors and accessories.
4. Continuous power – AFOLs who need to run motors for many hours at a convention need to power their devices off of mains power
   There aren’t any official ways to do this — even the Intelligent Hubs with a USB port can not power motors directly from a USB power source.

Ultimately, Powered Up works pretty well in most scenarios, and many of the outstanding issues can be fixed without creating (yet another) new interface. As such, I think Powered Up is here to stay for at least 10 years, and that’s not a bad thing.

Version History

In future updates to this article, I’m planning to add a compatibility column to these tables explaining which sensors/accessories are compatible with each hub and their associated software apps (including 3rd party apps and firmware).

• April 4, 2024 Added links to learn more about each part in my LEGO Parts Guide. I also updated the tables to reflect those parts which are ‘retired’ because they have not been used in any sets since 2019.
• October 7, 2022 Updated article to reflect that you can finally get the new Powered Up Battery Box as a standalone product (#88015 Battery Box) or in #42145 Airbus H175 Rescue Helicopter.
• April 21, 2022 Added a conclusion at the end of the article, and a link to my new review of #45345 Spike Essential (which explains why I think this is a bad product for younger builders).
• January 18, 2022 Added a link to my new review of #45678 Spike Prime (the first set with the new 6-port programmable hub), and a short comparison against the EV3 Programmable Brick (2013) which it replaces. I also added a one-paragraph explanation of the Raspberry Pi Build Hat product.
• November 6, 2021 Added a table-of-contents and a shopping guide at the end.
• November 6, 2021 Added the three new parts introduced in the #45345 Spike Prime Essential set. (It’s an education product aimed at a younger audience than the Spike Prime set.) The new components are the 2-port Small Intelligent Hub (part 67351), Sm. Angular Motor (part 68488), and 3×3 LED Matrix (part 47592).
• November 5, 2021 Added the Technic Powered-up Battery Box to this list (part 22167) — It’s the only Powered Up hub that does not support Bluetooth. I also updated text about PyBricks to reflect that it is no longer in Beta.
• June 23, 2020 Fixed bugs, added year that each part was introduced, and fixed tables to render properly on small displays (such as phones).
• June 14, 2020 Updated page to reflect that most of these hubs will support autonomous mode using 3rd party firmware (provided by Pybricks). Also posted an updated Beta 2 of Powered Up Labels updated to include more consistent part names.
• June 12, 2020 Initial version of this page coinciding with announcement of new 51515 LEGO MINDSTORMS Robot Inventor set. Included Beta 1 of Powered Up Labels.